分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-20
摘要： We propose an approach for fast random number generation based on homemade optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs). The optical PUF is illuminated with input laser wavefront of continuous modulation to obtain different speckle patterns. Random numbers are fully extracted from speckle patterns through a simple post-processing algorithm. Our proof-of-principle experiment achieves total random number generation rate of 0.96 Gbit/s with verified randomness, which is far faster than previous optical-PUF-based schemes. Our results demonstrate that the presented random number generator (RNG) proposal has great potential to achieve ultrafast random number generation rate up to several hundreds of Gbit/s.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The distribution of the dark matter (DM) in DM-admixed-neutron stars (DANSs) is supposed to be either a dense dark core or an extended dark halo, which is subject to the DM fraction of DANS ($f_{\chi}$) and the DM properties, such as the mass ($m_{\chi}$) and the strength of the self-interaction ($y$). In this paper, we perform an in-depth analysis of the formation criterion for dark core/dark halo and point out that the relative distribution of these two components is essentially determined by the ratio of the central enthalpy of the DM component to that of the baryonic matter component inside DANSs. For the critical case where the radii of DM and baryonic matter are the same, we further derive an analytical formula to describe the dependence of $f^{\rm crit}_{\chi}$ on $m_{\chi}$ and $y$ for given DANS mass. The relative distribution of the two components in DANSs can lead to different observational effects. We here focus on the modification of the pulsar pulse profile due to the extra light-bending effect in the case of a dark-halo existence and conduct the first investigation of the dark-halo effects on the pulse profile. We find that the peak flux deviation is strongly dependent on the ratio of the halo mass to the radius of the DM component. Lastly, we perform Bayesian parameter estimation on the DM particle properties based on the recent X-ray observations of PSR J0030+0451 and PSR J0740+6620 by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Yongbiao Wan
Pidong Wang
Feng Huang
Jun Yuan
Dong Li
Kun Chen
Jianbin Kang
Qian Li
Taiping Zhang
Song Sun
Zhiguang Qiu
Yao Yao
摘要： Information security is of great importance for modern society with all things connected. Physical unclonable function (PUF) as a promising hardware primitive has been intensively studied for information security. However, the widely investigated silicon PUF with low entropy is vulnerable to various attacks. Herein, we introduce a concept of bionic optical PUFs inspired from unique biological architectures, and fabricate four types of bionic PUFs by molding the surface micro-nano structures of natural plant tissues with a simple, low-cost, green and environmentally friendly manufacturing process. The laser speckle responses of all bionic PUFs are statistically demonstrated to be random, unique, unpredictable and robust enough for cryptographic applications, indicating the broad applicability of bionic PUFs. On this ground, the feasibility of implementing bionic PUFs as cryptographic primitives in entity authentication and encrypted communication is experimentally validated, which shows its promising potential in the application of future information security.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Pidong Wang
Feiliang Chen
Dong Li
Song Sun
Feng Huang
Taiping Zhang
Qian Li
Kun Chen
Yongbiao Wan
Xiao Leng
Yao Yao
摘要： Physical unclonable function (PUF) has been proposed as a promising and trustworthy solution to a variety of cryptographic applications. Here we propose a non-imaging based authentication scheme for optical PUFs materialized by random scattering media, in which the characteristic fingerprints of optical PUFs are extracted from stochastical fluctuations of the scattered light intensity with respect to laser challenges which are detected by a single-pixel detector. The randomness, uniqueness, unpredictability, and robustness of the extracted fingerprints are validated to be qualified for real authentication applications. By increasing the key length and improving the signal to noise ratio, the false accept rate of a fake PUF can be dramatically lowered to the order of 10^-28. In comparison to the conventional laser-speckle-imaging based authentication with unique identity information obtained from textures of laser speckle patterns, this non-imaging scheme can be implemented at small speckle size bellowing the Nyquist--Shannon sampling criterion of the commonly used CCD or CMOS cameras, offering benefits in system miniaturization and immunity against reverse engineering attacks simultaneously.
分类： 心理学 >> 应用心理学 提交时间： 2022-05-11
摘要： The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused enormous damage to individuals’ normal life and society’s development. Recently, with the emergence of novel coronavirus variants, people around the world are still under the attack of COVID-19. And vaccine uptake is considered one of the most effective methods to defend against this epidemic. However, many people hold hesitant attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. For the vaccination promotion work, it is important to find out what factors would influence the intention of vaccination. With the aim of practical use, this study identifies two main themes of this factor structure, that is, non-manipulable factors and manipulable factors. This study uses semi-structured interviews to explore the influencing factors related to vaccination willingness. For the interview results analysis, this study employs a mixed-method, which combines qualitative thematic analysis and quantitative topic modeling. The thematic analysis identifies nine key factors and topic modeling identifies seven key factors. After gathering and discussing these key factors, this study confirmed ten key factors as final factors. More specifically, non-manipulable factors contain Effectiveness and safety of vaccines and Vaccine feasibility, and manipulable factors include Convenience of vaccine, Responsibility, External reference, Necessity and urgency of vaccination uptake, Perceived threat, Perceived benefits, Scientific and objective expression, and Policy requirement. This study investigates key influencing factors that would affect public vaccination intentions in China and provides specific guidelines for vaccination promotion for authorities and public health workers.
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